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Cable trams, Funiculars &
Lifts
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Lisbon is one of the most beautiful cities of the world. One of the
charms are the hills which do make possible the most wonderful views.
However, for the traffic these hills are a bit of a disadvantage. Especial
for the old trams with animal traction, these hills were much too steep.
Because of that, alternative forms of transport were used: cable trams,
funiculars and vertical lifts. The cable trams were replaced by electric
trams and of the lifts only the famous Santa Justa survives. But the
funiculars are all three still in every day use.
The funiculars of Glória and Lavra were opened by the Companhia dos
Ascensores Mecânicos. The Bica funicular and the Estrela and Graça cable
trams were operated by the NCAML (Nova Companhia das Ascensores Mecânicos
de Lisboa). Both companies did merge in 1897 with retaining the name of
the NCAML. The CCFL took over control in 1912. In 1928 the NCAML was
absorbed complete by the CCFL. Until that year tramline 28 was officially
operating under concession of the NCAML.
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The funiculars are:
The cable trams were:
The lifts were:
- Elevador da Santa Justa or Elevador do Carmo (opened
1902)
- Elevador do Chiado (opened 1892, closed 1912)
- Elevador da Biblioteca (opened 1897, closed 1915)
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